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	<title>TechREACTION &#187; Air Cooling</title>
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		<title>Rewriting the Book on CPU HSF Testing</title>
		<link>http://www.techreaction.net/2010/06/21/rewriting-the-book-on-cpu-hsf-testing/?utm_source=rss&amp;utm_medium=rss&amp;utm_campaign=rewriting-the-book-on-cpu-hsf-testing</link>
		<comments>http://www.techreaction.net/2010/06/21/rewriting-the-book-on-cpu-hsf-testing/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 21 Jun 2010 15:32:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Archer</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Cases]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Cooling]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Guides]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Overclocking]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Air Cooling]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Extreme]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[heat sink]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[HSF]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[testing]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[To test a heat sink and fan assembly to its limit a computer is not best option. With some of the many variables attributed to the computer alone being completely outside the control of the tester, software and hardware, results can be skewed to the point of being wrong. Things that can be controlled are often ignored and sometimes forgotten.]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>To test a heat sink and fan assembly to the limit, a computer is not the best option. With some of the many variables, which can be attributed to the computer alone and completely outside the control of the tester, software and hardware results can be skewed to the point of being outright wrong. Things that can be controlled are often ignored and sometimes forgotten.</p>
<p><strong><span style="color: #ff0000;">Factors contributing to unreliable test results that can be controlled by the tester:</span></strong></p>
<ul>
<li><strong>Air temperature and humidity:</strong> When doing a comparison, temperature and humidity should be kept the same, or at least as close as possible.</li>
<li><strong>Location:</strong> Testing should be done in an area that has little air movement or an area with a reasonably controllable environment.</li>
<li><strong>Sunlight</strong>: Testing in direct sunlight will skew results.</li>
<li><strong>Electronic devices:</strong> Most electronic devices expel heat<strong>. </strong>Avoid testing near such devices, if this is unavoidable, make sure that the device is in the same state for all testing; preferably off.</li>
<li><strong>Other environmental considerations:</strong> Consider air movement; as limiting air movement will eliminate many variables.</li>
</ul>
<ol>
<li>If central air is being used, the testing should be done near the thermostatic control unit as this will limit many of the temperature variances that occur in a structure between on/off cycles.</li>
<li>Fans: Box, osculating, ceiling or any other type of fan should be turned off.</li>
<li>The testing should not be near an air duct.</li>
</ol>
<p><span style="color: #333300;"> </span><span style="color: #ff0000;"> </span></p>
<p><span style="color: #ff0000;"><strong>Eliminating the biggest contributor to inaccurate results (the computer):</strong></span></p>
<p><strong> </strong>The computer needs to be eliminated from the equation if a heat sink is to be tested accurately.</p>
<ul>
<li>Background operations that are controlled through the services settings panel in the administrative control panel need to be completely eliminated, as these may cause random CPU cycles.</li>
<li>Legacy buses (dumb buses) need to be disabled as they are polled by the CPU.</li>
<li>Motherboard monitoring hardware and software are not always dependable and accurate.</li>
<li>CPUs and Chipsets have been known to have temperature monitoring issues.</li>
</ul>
<p><strong>Building an external test unit is the only way to eliminate the factors that are beyond the tester&#8217;s control.</strong></p>
<div id="attachment_7382" class="wp-caption aligncenter" style="width: 590px"><strong><strong><a href="http://www.techreaction.net/wp-content/uploads/2010/06/main-tools-and-components.jpg" rel="lightbox[7324]"><img class="size-full wp-image-7382" title="main tools and components" src="http://www.techreaction.net/wp-content/uploads/2010/06/main-tools-and-components.jpg" alt="" width="580" height="429" /></a></strong></strong><p class="wp-caption-text">Components and tools used for testing. Only the fan headers are used on the motherboard. Molex to fan header adapters are available.</p></div>
<div id="attachment_7374" class="wp-caption aligncenter" style="width: 590px"><strong><strong><a href="http://www.techreaction.net/wp-content/uploads/2010/06/hsf-test-pan.jpg" rel="lightbox[7324]"><img class="size-full wp-image-7374" title="hsf test pan" src="http://www.techreaction.net/wp-content/uploads/2010/06/hsf-test-pan.jpg" alt="" width="580" height="448" /></a></strong></strong><p class="wp-caption-text">A water tight pan and standard PSU are used for testing as well.</p></div>
<div id="attachment_7350" class="wp-caption aligncenter" style="width: 590px"><strong><strong><a href="http://www.techreaction.net/wp-content/uploads/2010/06/laped.jpg" rel="lightbox[7324]"><img class="size-full wp-image-7350" title="laped" src="http://www.techreaction.net/wp-content/uploads/2010/06/laped.jpg" alt="" width="580" height="354" /></a></strong></strong><p class="wp-caption-text">Transfer blocks need to be lapped and mounted with thermal transfer adhesive.</p></div>
<div id="attachment_7369" class="wp-caption aligncenter" style="width: 590px"><strong><strong><a href="http://www.techreaction.net/wp-content/uploads/2010/06/hsf8.jpg" rel="lightbox[7324]"><img class="size-full wp-image-7369" title="hsf8" src="http://www.techreaction.net/wp-content/uploads/2010/06/hsf8.jpg" alt="" width="580" height="415" /></a></strong></strong><p class="wp-caption-text">A hole needs to be drilled for thermocouple insertion. The hole above is 7/8&quot; deep with a 5/8&quot; counter bore to allow the thermocouple ball to fit tightly.</p></div>
<div id="attachment_7368" class="wp-caption aligncenter" style="width: 590px"><strong><strong><a href="http://www.techreaction.net/wp-content/uploads/2010/06/hsf9.jpg" rel="lightbox[7324]"><img class="size-full wp-image-7368" title="hsf9" src="http://www.techreaction.net/wp-content/uploads/2010/06/hsf9.jpg" alt="" width="580" height="414" /></a></strong></strong><p class="wp-caption-text">Using non-conductive thermal paste allows the gaps to be filled and better results to be obtained.</p></div>
<p>A thermocouple can be used if you wish to test specific points on the HSF for variance, which can indicate a poor performing or bad/damaged HSF.</p>
<div id="attachment_7372" class="wp-caption aligncenter" style="width: 590px"><strong><strong><a href="http://www.techreaction.net/wp-content/uploads/2010/06/hsf5.jpg" rel="lightbox[7324]"><img class="size-full wp-image-7372" title="hsf5" src="http://www.techreaction.net/wp-content/uploads/2010/06/hsf5.jpg" alt="" width="580" height="267" /></a></strong></strong><p class="wp-caption-text">Variance testing</p></div>
<div id="attachment_7371" class="wp-caption aligncenter" style="width: 590px"><strong><strong><a href="http://www.techreaction.net/wp-content/uploads/2010/06/hsf6.jpg" rel="lightbox[7324]"><img class="size-full wp-image-7371" title="hsf6" src="http://www.techreaction.net/wp-content/uploads/2010/06/hsf6.jpg" alt="" width="580" height="455" /></a></strong></strong><p class="wp-caption-text">Variance testing</p></div>
<div id="attachment_7370" class="wp-caption aligncenter" style="width: 590px"><strong><strong><a href="http://www.techreaction.net/wp-content/uploads/2010/06/hsf7.jpg" rel="lightbox[7324]"><img class="size-full wp-image-7370" title="hsf7" src="http://www.techreaction.net/wp-content/uploads/2010/06/hsf7.jpg" alt="" width="580" height="630" /></a></strong></strong><p class="wp-caption-text">Probing areas</p></div>
<div id="attachment_7400" class="wp-caption aligncenter" style="width: 590px"><a href="http://www.techreaction.net/wp-content/uploads/2010/06/HSF11.jpg" rel="lightbox[7324]"><img class="size-full wp-image-7400" title="HSF11" src="http://www.techreaction.net/wp-content/uploads/2010/06/HSF11.jpg" alt="" width="580" height="484" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">The probes need to be cleaned and thermal paste used for every test.</p></div>
<div id="attachment_7399" class="wp-caption aligncenter" style="width: 590px"><a href="http://www.techreaction.net/wp-content/uploads/2010/06/HSF12.jpg" rel="lightbox[7324]"><img class="size-full wp-image-7399" title="HSF12" src="http://www.techreaction.net/wp-content/uploads/2010/06/HSF12.jpg" alt="" width="580" height="476" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">Insertion of thermocouples should be done before adding water.</p></div>
<p>Using water as a heat transfer medium allows for more control of environmental factors that are otherwise left unchecked.</p>
<ol>
<li>Humidity is controlled and maximized</li>
<li>Temperatures are controlled (as long as air movement is eliminated)</li>
<li>Air density is affected but will not be a factor that can be readily measured.</li>
</ol>
<div id="attachment_7398" class="wp-caption aligncenter" style="width: 590px"><a href="http://www.techreaction.net/wp-content/uploads/2010/06/hsf13.jpg" rel="lightbox[7324]"><img class="size-full wp-image-7398" title="hsf13" src="http://www.techreaction.net/wp-content/uploads/2010/06/hsf13.jpg" alt="" width="580" height="366" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">A control thermocouple (black) is used to monitor the base temperature.</p></div>
<div id="attachment_7396" class="wp-caption aligncenter" style="width: 590px"><a href="http://www.techreaction.net/wp-content/uploads/2010/06/HSF15.jpg" rel="lightbox[7324]"><img class="size-full wp-image-7396" title="HSF15" src="http://www.techreaction.net/wp-content/uploads/2010/06/HSF15.jpg" alt="" width="580" height="498" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">1-2mm of water needs to be above the plate. </p></div>
<p>Using water will allow for repeatability in testing. This allows the temperatures to be easily stabilized and the maximum temperature will usually be in a predictable range; thus allowing for data sets to be formulated. After a point, head to head tests will no longer be necessary.</p>
<div id="attachment_7395" class="wp-caption aligncenter" style="width: 590px"><a href="http://www.techreaction.net/wp-content/uploads/2010/06/HSF14.jpg" rel="lightbox[7324]"><img class="size-full wp-image-7395" title="HSF14" src="http://www.techreaction.net/wp-content/uploads/2010/06/HSF14.jpg" alt="" width="580" height="595" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">Keeping the meters on during the heating process can help identify trends in HSF units and also identify potential problems.</p></div>
<div id="attachment_7393" class="wp-caption aligncenter" style="width: 590px"><a href="http://www.techreaction.net/wp-content/uploads/2010/06/HSF17.jpg" rel="lightbox[7324]"><img class="size-full wp-image-7393" title="HSF17" src="http://www.techreaction.net/wp-content/uploads/2010/06/HSF17.jpg" alt="" width="580" height="404" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">If only one unit is to be the focus, then a probe can be affixed to the HSF itself.</p></div>
<p>Testing temperature scaling and humidity is a necessity as they will work together to give a more controlled testing environment.</p>
<div id="attachment_7624" class="wp-caption aligncenter" style="width: 590px"><a href="http://www.techreaction.net/wp-content/uploads/2010/06/th1.jpg" rel="lightbox[7324]"><img class="size-large wp-image-7624" title="t&amp;h1" src="http://www.techreaction.net/wp-content/uploads/2010/06/th1-1024x526.jpg" alt="" width="580" height="298" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">Testing room and zone temperatures is helpful if a database is to be made for comparison.</p></div>
<div id="attachment_7623" class="wp-caption aligncenter" style="width: 590px"><a href="http://www.techreaction.net/wp-content/uploads/2010/06/th2.jpg" rel="lightbox[7324]"><img class="size-large wp-image-7623" title="t&amp;h2" src="http://www.techreaction.net/wp-content/uploads/2010/06/th2-1024x452.jpg" alt="" width="580" height="256" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">Bring up the temperature and humidity</p></div>
<div id="attachment_7621" class="wp-caption aligncenter" style="width: 590px"><a href="http://www.techreaction.net/wp-content/uploads/2010/06/th5.jpg" rel="lightbox[7324]"><img class="size-full wp-image-7621" title="t&amp;h5" src="http://www.techreaction.net/wp-content/uploads/2010/06/th5.jpg" alt="" width="580" height="278" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">The air temperatures in the test zone should stabilize and be maintainable and repeatable.</p></div>
<div id="attachment_7620" class="wp-caption aligncenter" style="width: 590px"><a href="http://www.techreaction.net/wp-content/uploads/2010/06/th4.jpg" rel="lightbox[7324]"><img class="size-large wp-image-7620" title="t&amp;h4" src="http://www.techreaction.net/wp-content/uploads/2010/06/th4-1024x528.jpg" alt="" width="580" height="299" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">Using a humidity of 90-100% in the testing zone will help better control temperature for dependable and repeatable results.</p></div>
<p>Though the temperatures should remain uniform, there is no guarantee.  ALWAYS CHECK TEMPERATURES AT MORE THAN ONE POINT!</p>
<div id="attachment_7414" class="wp-caption aligncenter" style="width: 590px"><a href="http://www.techreaction.net/wp-content/uploads/2010/06/HSF24.jpg" rel="lightbox[7324]"><img class="size-full wp-image-7414" title="HSF24" src="http://www.techreaction.net/wp-content/uploads/2010/06/HSF24.jpg" alt="" width="580" height="465" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">Water temperature variance test point #1.</p></div>
<div id="attachment_7388" class="wp-caption aligncenter" style="width: 590px"><a href="http://www.techreaction.net/wp-content/uploads/2010/06/hsf22.jpg" rel="lightbox[7324]"><img class="size-full wp-image-7388" title="hsf22" src="http://www.techreaction.net/wp-content/uploads/2010/06/hsf22.jpg" alt="" width="580" height="410" /></a>Water temperature variance test point 2</dt>
</dl>
</div>
<div class="mceTemp mceIEcenter">
<dl id="attachment_7389" class="wp-caption aligncenter" style="width: 590px;">
<dt class="wp-caption-dt"><a href="http://www.techreaction.net/wp-content/uploads/2010/06/hsf21.jpg" rel="lightbox[7324]"><img class="size-full wp-image-7389" title="hsf21" src="http://www.techreaction.net/wp-content/uploads/2010/06/hsf21.jpg" alt="" width="580" height="508" /></a>Water temperature variance test point 3 </dt>
</dl>
</div>
<div class="mceTemp mceIEcenter">
<dl id="attachment_7387" class="wp-caption aligncenter" style="width: 590px;">
<dt class="wp-caption-dt"><a href="http://www.techreaction.net/wp-content/uploads/2010/06/hsf23.jpg" rel="lightbox[7324]"><img class="size-full wp-image-7387" title="hsf23" src="http://www.techreaction.net/wp-content/uploads/2010/06/hsf23.jpg" alt="high temps" width="580" height="427" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">Final temperatures: At this point the heat source was shut down and the  HSF fans were powered up.  </p></div>
<p style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://img69.imageshack.us/img69/6242/file31138.mp4">Video of fan on a cool down run.</a></p>
<p style="text-align: left;"><strong>Testing:</strong></p>
<ul>
<li>Although a passive test, the process of heating up the HSF shows the ability to absorb and dissipate heat with no fan assistance.</li>
<li>Variance testing will show the HSF&#8217;s ability to evenly spread it&#8217;s heat (this is best done with the fan off), which is critical for the HSF to respond to rapid changes in heat output. If there is a large variance between the closest point to the CPU and the furthest point away from it, then the HSF generally will not deal well with rapid heat output changes or the high heat output from overclocking.</li>
<li>Testing of heat pipe efficiency is similar to standard variance testing. Testing the heat pipe at the points closest to and the furthest from the CPU will show the efficiency of the heat pipes.</li>
<li>Building on the heat pipe test, a heat pipe to fin variance test shows the efficiency of the bond between the two materials/components of the HSF. This test shows design weaknesses and may show manufacturing flaws that show up from time to time in production runs. The causes for this are dependent on many factors, and if a HSF is found to be poorly made, the manufacturer should be contacted so that it can be corrected. It is never the intent of a major manufacturer to sell a bad product. If it is found to be a poor design then the tester or reviewer has little choice, a spade is a spade and a bad product should be shown for what it is.</li>
<li>The fan on test shows which HSF is more capable of dispersing heat into the surrounding environment.</li>
</ul>
<p style="text-align: left;">There are many other types of tests that can be done with an out of the box setup. The testing above is just a start.</p>
<p style="text-align: left;"><strong>Data collection: </strong>Keeping track of information allows the tester to build a database of results. By studying the variances, from run to run, choose a control heat sink to work with as a standard for comparison; a benchmark of sorts. The best way to record and store the information is with a meter that will log the information and allow output in a standard form that can be used in something like Excel or Open Office.</p>
<p style="text-align: left;"><strong>Obtaining a testing pan and plate:</strong> Most of these items are easy to acquire, save the box or pan. Local fabrication shops usually have plenty of scrap around and will usually sell it at a discount rate. If you are a product tester, the shop may cut you a break for a little free advertising in your review/blog, or you can part with the ~ $70 &#8211; $200 and just have it made.</p>
<p style="text-align: left;">That is all for now.  Feel free to comment or ask questions and I will be happy to help in any way that I can.</p>




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<enclosure url="http://img69.imageshack.us/img69/6242/file31138.mp4" length="13448273" type="video/mp4" />
		</item>
		<item>
		<title>Tenma 72-7712 dual channel temp probe, what happens with temperatures inside a PC.</title>
		<link>http://www.techreaction.net/2010/06/01/tenma-72-7712-dual-chanel-temp-probe-what-happens-with-tempratures-inside-a-pc/?utm_source=rss&amp;utm_medium=rss&amp;utm_campaign=tenma-72-7712-dual-chanel-temp-probe-what-happens-with-tempratures-inside-a-pc</link>
		<comments>http://www.techreaction.net/2010/06/01/tenma-72-7712-dual-chanel-temp-probe-what-happens-with-tempratures-inside-a-pc/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Tue, 01 Jun 2010 07:48:48 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Archer</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Cases]]></category>
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		<category><![CDATA[case cooling]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[case temperature]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[CPU temperature]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Dry Ice]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[liquid cooling]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[ln2]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.techreaction.net/?p=6844</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[The 72-7712 Digital Thermometer from Tenma Test Equipment is a dual thermocouple meter with internal logging capability, USB output for saving logged data and software up-link.  This unit can become an integral part of a PC testing arsenal by allowing for isolation of case hot spots, heat sink testing and LN2/Dry Ice work. The limitations [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The <a href="http://www.mcmelectronics.com/product/72-7712" target="_blank">72-7712 Digital Thermometer</a> from Tenma Test Equipment is a dual thermocouple meter with internal logging capability, USB output for saving logged data and software up-link.  This unit can become an integral part of a PC testing arsenal by allowing for isolation of case hot spots, heat sink testing and LN2/Dry Ice work. The limitations start to change and the performance bar can be raised when you know where it is hot and where it is not.</p>
<ul>
<li>Compatible with K-, J-, T- and E- thermocouples (others should work but these are the recommended types)</li>
<li>User programmable offsets</li>
<li>Internal memory stores 100 sets of temperature readings that can be transferred to PC software</li>
<li>Data logging software for real time testing (good for working with fan and component placement and viewing their effects in real time)</li>
<li>Ability to export data sets from software in .xls format to do comparative studies and graphing</li>
</ul>
<p>The graph capabilities of the 72-7712 software are not phenomenal, it does however serve the purpose. Though dual software readout (T1 &amp; T2) would be preferred; the logging capacity and decent feature set, as well as an Excel export feature make up for the software weaknesses.</p>
<div id="attachment_6861" class="wp-caption aligncenter" style="width: 590px"><a href="http://www.techreaction.net/wp-content/uploads/2010/05/Tenma4.jpg" rel="lightbox[6844]"><img class="size-full wp-image-6861" title="Tenma4" src="http://www.techreaction.net/wp-content/uploads/2010/05/Tenma4.jpg" alt="" width="580" height="426" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">Thermocouple 1 reading</p></div>
<div id="attachment_6866" class="wp-caption aligncenter" style="width: 590px"><a href="http://www.techreaction.net/wp-content/uploads/2010/05/Tenma51.jpg" rel="lightbox[6844]"><img class="size-full wp-image-6866" title="Tenma5" src="http://www.techreaction.net/wp-content/uploads/2010/05/Tenma51.jpg" alt="" width="580" height="422" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">Thermocouple 2 reading</p></div>
<div id="attachment_6860" class="wp-caption aligncenter" style="width: 590px"><a href="http://www.techreaction.net/wp-content/uploads/2010/05/Tenma2.jpg" rel="lightbox[6844]"><img class="size-full wp-image-6860" title="Tenma2" src="http://www.techreaction.net/wp-content/uploads/2010/05/Tenma2.jpg" alt="" width="580" height="424" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">Thermocouple 1 - thermocouple 2 reading. Temperature difference. This screen is most effective when trying to move case temperatures closer to ambient room temperature.</p></div>
<div id="attachment_6864" class="wp-caption aligncenter" style="width: 590px"><a href="http://www.techreaction.net/wp-content/uploads/2010/05/Tenma6.jpg" rel="lightbox[6844]"><img class="size-full wp-image-6864" title="Tenma6" src="http://www.techreaction.net/wp-content/uploads/2010/05/Tenma6.jpg" alt="" width="580" height="1143" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">Example of exported data to .xls format</p></div>
<p style="text-align: left;">Thermal conductivity of the heat sink material is an important factor in air cooling. Copper and aluminum are the most widely used materials in PC HSF (heat sink &amp; fan) construction. The properties of these two materials are critical to proper cooling of the processor.</p>
<p style="text-align: left;">The Chart below shows the thermal conductivity of materials for comparison. The only three that matter for this testing are aluminum, copper and air (water and the other items may be of interest to those who like to get a little wet).</p>
<p style="text-align: left;">
<div class="mceTemp mceIEcenter" style="text-align: left;">
<dl id="attachment_6992" class="wp-caption aligncenter" style="width: 590px;">
<dt class="wp-caption-dt" style="text-align: left;"><a href="http://www.techreaction.net/wp-content/uploads/2010/05/tc.jpg" rel="lightbox[6844]"><img class="size-full wp-image-6992" title="tc" src="http://www.techreaction.net/wp-content/uploads/2010/05/tc.jpg" alt="" width="580" height="497" /></a></dt>
<dd class="wp-caption-dd">Fourier&#8217;s Law express conductive heat transfer as q = k A dT / s (1) where q = heat transferred per unit time (W, Btu/hr) A = heat transfer area (m2, ft2) k = thermal conductivity of the material (W/m.K or W/m oC, Btu/(hr oF ft2/ft)) dT = temperature difference across the material (K or oC, oF) s = material thickness (m, ft)</dd>
</dl>
</div>
<p style="text-align: center;">:<a href="http://www.engineeringtoolbox.com/conductive-heat-transfer-d_428.html">More information about thermal conductivity and conductive heat transfer</a>:</p>
<p style="text-align: left;">Some simple ideas for improving the PC enthusiast experience:</p>
<p><strong>Checking the case for hot spots</strong>.</p>
<p style="text-align: left;">Keeping your entire case as close to ambient is probably the most important thing that can be done to keep the HSF operating at its maximum efficiency. A heat sink can not lower temperatures below case ambient and will usually level out 4-12 degrees centigrade above case ambient no matter how much money is spent on it.</p>
<p style="text-align: left;">By identifying hot spots, proper fan placement can be made. Though these areas may not seem relevant to CPU cooling; they are. Air circulating throughout the case creates eddies, (a current of air running contrary to the main current; <em>especially</em><strong>:</strong> a circular current <strong>:</strong> whirlpool) which in turn, remain hot and by cross circulation make  air circulating around them heat up.</p>
<p style="text-align: left;">Working in a similar fashion to the eddy, dead zones (hot area where there is no mechanical air circulation) may seem harmless, it is critical to circulate or eliminate this air to alleviate convection (heat transfer in a gas by the circulation of currents from one region to another). For dead zones a fan may not be an option and directed air may be needed. If directed air is not possible then closing in/sectioning off this area may be the only option.</p>
<div class="mceTemp mceIEcenter" style="text-align: left;">
<dl id="attachment_7011" class="wp-caption aligncenter" style="width: 590px;">
<dt class="wp-caption-dt"><a href="http://www.techreaction.net/wp-content/uploads/2010/05/dead-zone-1.jpg" rel="lightbox[6844]"><img class="size-full wp-image-7011" title="dead zone 1" src="http://www.techreaction.net/wp-content/uploads/2010/05/dead-zone-1.jpg" alt="" width="580" height="251" /></a></dt>
<dd class="wp-caption-dd">Dead Zone</dd>
</dl>
</div>
<div class="mceTemp mceIEcenter" style="text-align: left;">
<dl id="attachment_7015" class="wp-caption aligncenter" style="width: 590px;">
<dt class="wp-caption-dt"><a href="http://www.techreaction.net/wp-content/uploads/2010/05/HDD-area.jpg" rel="lightbox[6844]"><img class="size-full wp-image-7015" title="HDD area" src="http://www.techreaction.net/wp-content/uploads/2010/05/HDD-area.jpg" alt="" width="580" height="251" /></a></dt>
<dd class="wp-caption-dd">HDD Area</dd>
</dl>
</div>
<div class="mceTemp mceIEcenter" style="text-align: left;">
<dl id="attachment_7014" class="wp-caption aligncenter" style="width: 590px;">
<dt class="wp-caption-dt"><a href="http://www.techreaction.net/wp-content/uploads/2010/05/CPU-Area.jpg" rel="lightbox[6844]"><img class="size-full wp-image-7014" title="CPU Area" src="http://www.techreaction.net/wp-content/uploads/2010/05/CPU-Area.jpg" alt="" width="580" height="250" /></a></dt>
<dd class="wp-caption-dd">CPU Area</dd>
</dl>
</div>
<div class="mceTemp mceIEcenter" style="text-align: left;">
<dl id="attachment_7013" class="wp-caption aligncenter" style="width: 590px;">
<dt class="wp-caption-dt"><a href="http://www.techreaction.net/wp-content/uploads/2010/05/CPU-Area-maxumum-case-venting.jpg" rel="lightbox[6844]"><img class="size-full wp-image-7013" title="CPU Area maxumum case venting" src="http://www.techreaction.net/wp-content/uploads/2010/05/CPU-Area-maxumum-case-venting.jpg" alt="" width="580" height="250" /></a></dt>
<dd class="wp-caption-dd">CPU Area Maximum Case Venting</dd>
</dl>
</div>
<div class="mceTemp mceIEcenter" style="text-align: left;">
<dl id="attachment_7012" class="wp-caption aligncenter" style="width: 590px;">
<dt class="wp-caption-dt"><a href="http://www.techreaction.net/wp-content/uploads/2010/05/CPU-area-above-ambient.jpg" rel="lightbox[6844]"><img class="size-full wp-image-7012" title="CPU area above ambient" src="http://www.techreaction.net/wp-content/uploads/2010/05/CPU-area-above-ambient.jpg" alt="" width="580" height="250" /></a></dt>
<dd class="wp-caption-dd">CPU Area above ambient</dd>
</dl>
</div>
<p>Knowing where the hot areas of the case are allows for fixes that otherwise would not be possible.</p>
<p style="text-align: left;"><strong>Testing for efficiency.</strong></p>
<p style="text-align: left;">Methodology: Air can only dissipate a fixed amount of heat due to its low thermal conductivity. Having a material of higher thermal conductivity does not always mean better temperatures, but it does allow a potential for lower temperatures, depending on other contributing factors. Testing the two most common heat sink materials to see these differences helps gain an understanding of what the conductivity numbers really mean.</p>
<p style="text-align: left;">Copper and Aluminum heat sinks tested for conductivity.</p>
<p style="text-align: left;">Copper; 56.8 seconds to reach maximum <span style="color: #ff0000;">efficiency</span> with a variance of 3.9 degrees centigrade</p>
<p style="text-align: left;">Aluminum 59.8 seconds to reach maximum <span style="color: #ff0000;">efficiency</span> with a variance of 7.9 degrees centigrade</p>
<p style="text-align: left;"><span style="color: #ff0000;">This is the point where temperatures stabilize and heat is dispersed through natural convection. <strong>This is not a scientific test as the blocks were not exactly the same and some variables were omitted.</strong></span> What it does show is that copper will transfer heat faster and more evenly.</p>
<div id="attachment_6928" class="wp-caption aligncenter" style="width: 590px"><a href="http://www.techreaction.net/wp-content/uploads/2010/05/2b.jpg" rel="lightbox[6844]"><img class="size-full wp-image-6928" title="2b" src="http://www.techreaction.net/wp-content/uploads/2010/05/2b.jpg" alt="" width="580" height="406" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">A double boiler is used to allow for better temperature control</p></div>
<div id="attachment_6929" class="wp-caption aligncenter" style="width: 590px"><a href="http://www.techreaction.net/wp-content/uploads/2010/05/3b.jpg" rel="lightbox[6844]"><img class="size-full wp-image-6929" title="3b" src="http://www.techreaction.net/wp-content/uploads/2010/05/3b.jpg" alt="" width="580" height="438" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">Test equipment and stop watch used (phone) for testing. A Tenma 72-8540 is used as a control.</p></div>
<div id="attachment_7074" class="wp-caption aligncenter" style="width: 590px"><a href="http://www.techreaction.net/wp-content/uploads/2010/05/Temp-test.jpg" rel="lightbox[6844]"><img class="size-full wp-image-7074" title="Temp test" src="http://www.techreaction.net/wp-content/uploads/2010/05/Temp-test.jpg" alt="" width="580" height="436" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">The copper and aluminum heat sinks used for the test</p></div>
<p style="text-align: center;">
<p style="text-align: left;">A two minute test of both materials (copper and aluminum) showed a 3.7 degree centigrade variance, copper being hotter (this is good, it means it will draw that much more heat to be dissipated). It must be taken into consideration that these heat sinks did not have a fan and the variance would have been lower during operation.</p>
<p style="text-align: left;">The results of this test correlate directly to the previous test results.</p>
<p style="text-align: left;"><strong>Testing your Heat Sink and Fan assembly</strong></p>
<p style="text-align: left;">Using an <a href="http://www.newegg.com/Product/Product.aspx?Item=N82E16835185125">Arctic Cooling AF64</a> PRO</p>
<div class="mceTemp mceIEcenter" style="text-align: left;">
<dl id="attachment_7041" class="wp-caption aligncenter" style="width: 590px;">
<dt class="wp-caption-dt"><a href="http://www.techreaction.net/wp-content/uploads/2010/05/location-T1.jpg" rel="lightbox[6844]"><img class="size-full wp-image-7041" title="location T1" src="http://www.techreaction.net/wp-content/uploads/2010/05/location-T1.jpg" alt="" width="580" height="505" /></a></dt>
<dd class="wp-caption-dd">T1 is positioned at the lower area of the HSF</dd>
</dl>
</div>
<div class="mceTemp mceIEcenter" style="text-align: left;">
<dl id="attachment_7040" class="wp-caption aligncenter" style="width: 590px;">
<dt class="wp-caption-dt"><a href="http://www.techreaction.net/wp-content/uploads/2010/05/location-T2.jpg" rel="lightbox[6844]"><img class="size-full wp-image-7040" title="location T2" src="http://www.techreaction.net/wp-content/uploads/2010/05/location-T2.jpg" alt="" width="580" height="402" /></a></dt>
<dd class="wp-caption-dd">T2 located at outer part of HSF</dd>
</dl>
</div>
<div class="mceTemp mceIEcenter" style="text-align: left;">
<dl id="attachment_7039" class="wp-caption aligncenter" style="width: 590px;">
<dt class="wp-caption-dt"><a href="http://www.techreaction.net/wp-content/uploads/2010/05/Ambient-variance.jpg" rel="lightbox[6844]"><img class="size-full wp-image-7039" title="Ambient variance" src="http://www.techreaction.net/wp-content/uploads/2010/05/Ambient-variance.jpg" alt="" width="580" height="532" /></a></dt>
<dd class="wp-caption-dd">To test for variance T2 thermocouple was disconnected</dd>
</dl>
</div>
<div class="mceTemp mceIEcenter" style="text-align: left;">
<dl id="attachment_7043" class="wp-caption aligncenter" style="width: 590px;">
<dt class="wp-caption-dt"><a href="http://www.techreaction.net/wp-content/uploads/2010/05/ambient-case-temp.jpg" rel="lightbox[6844]"><img class="size-full wp-image-7043" title="ambient case temp" src="http://www.techreaction.net/wp-content/uploads/2010/05/ambient-case-temp.jpg" alt="" width="580" height="202" /></a></dt>
<dd class="wp-caption-dd">The Ambient case temperature</dd>
</dl>
</div>
<div class="mceTemp mceIEcenter" style="text-align: left;">
<dl id="attachment_7044" class="wp-caption aligncenter" style="width: 590px;">
<dt class="wp-caption-dt"><a href="http://www.techreaction.net/wp-content/uploads/2010/05/HSF-temp.jpg" rel="lightbox[6844]"><img class="size-full wp-image-7044" title="HSF temp" src="http://www.techreaction.net/wp-content/uploads/2010/05/HSF-temp.jpg" alt="" width="580" height="238" /></a></dt>
<dd class="wp-caption-dd">HSF temp</dd>
</dl>
</div>
<div class="mceTemp mceIEcenter" style="text-align: left;">
<dl id="attachment_7046" class="wp-caption aligncenter" style="width: 590px;">
<dt class="wp-caption-dt"><a href="http://www.techreaction.net/wp-content/uploads/2010/05/HSF-variance.jpg" rel="lightbox[6844]"><img class="size-full wp-image-7046" title="HSF variance" src="http://www.techreaction.net/wp-content/uploads/2010/05/HSF-variance.jpg" alt="" width="580" height="262" /></a></dt>
<dd class="wp-caption-dd">HSF variance</dd>
</dl>
</div>
<div class="mceTemp mceIEcenter" style="text-align: left;">
<dl id="attachment_7045" class="wp-caption aligncenter" style="width: 590px;">
<dt class="wp-caption-dt"><a href="http://www.techreaction.net/wp-content/uploads/2010/05/above-ambient-HSF.jpg" rel="lightbox[6844]"><img class="size-full wp-image-7045" title="above ambient HSF" src="http://www.techreaction.net/wp-content/uploads/2010/05/above-ambient-HSF.jpg" alt="" width="580" height="221" /></a></dt>
<dd class="wp-caption-dd">HSF above case ambient</dd>
</dl>
</div>
<p>If the HSF is not equalizing temperatures within a reasonable variance or running 10+ degrees above ambient case temperature (check the temperature at the intake area of the HSF to eliminate the possibility of a hot spot causing the problem) then a re-seat of the HSF may be needed and possibly a replacement HSF of higher quality may be in order.</p>
<p>Using information gathered with a good temperature meter will help guide the process of lowering case temperatures and in turn allow for a cooler processor, memory and hard disk drive.</p>
<p><strong>Shots of the 72-7712</strong></p>
<div id="attachment_7085" class="wp-caption aligncenter" style="width: 590px"><a href="http://www.techreaction.net/wp-content/uploads/2010/05/screen-1.jpg" rel="lightbox[6844]"><img class="size-full wp-image-7085" title="screen 1" src="http://www.techreaction.net/wp-content/uploads/2010/05/screen-1.jpg" alt="" width="580" height="410" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">All display elements</p></div>
<p><a href="../wp-content/uploads/2010/05/unit.jpg" rel="lightbox[6844]"></a></p>
<div id="attachment_7084" class="wp-caption aligncenter" style="width: 590px"><a href="http://www.techreaction.net/wp-content/uploads/2010/05/screen-2.jpg" rel="lightbox[6844]"><img class="size-full wp-image-7084" title="screen 2" src="http://www.techreaction.net/wp-content/uploads/2010/05/screen-2.jpg" alt="" width="580" height="421" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">Temperature readout screen</p></div>
<div id="attachment_7082" class="wp-caption aligncenter" style="width: 590px"><a href="http://www.techreaction.net/wp-content/uploads/2010/05/screen-3.jpg" rel="lightbox[6844]"><img class="size-full wp-image-7082" title="screen 3" src="http://www.techreaction.net/wp-content/uploads/2010/05/screen-3.jpg" alt="" width="580" height="425" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">Variance screen</p></div>
<div id="attachment_7080" class="wp-caption aligncenter" style="width: 590px"><a href="http://www.techreaction.net/wp-content/uploads/2010/05/screen-4.jpg" rel="lightbox[6844]"><img class="size-full wp-image-7080" title="screen 4" src="http://www.techreaction.net/wp-content/uploads/2010/05/screen-4.jpg" alt="" width="580" height="365" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">Setup: Offset adjustment screen</p></div>
<p style="text-align: center;">
<div id="attachment_7081" class="wp-caption aligncenter" style="width: 590px"><a href="http://www.techreaction.net/wp-content/uploads/2010/05/unit.jpg" rel="lightbox[6844]"><img class="size-full wp-image-7081 " title="unit" src="http://www.techreaction.net/wp-content/uploads/2010/05/unit.jpg" alt="" width="580" height="1074" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">Front view of meter showing controls</p></div>
<p><strong>Conclusion</strong></p>
<p>Using a dual probe temperature meter with capabilities comparable to the 72-7712 is a definite step up from the volt meter type single probe units that were used in the past. With the data logging capabilities and other features available with this unit it is much easier to maximize case cooling and potentially gain a few hundred MHz from a heat limited overclock.</p>
<p>With acceptable quality, useful software and features the 72-7712 makes an excellent addition to the tool box of the overclocker or small PC mod shop.</p>
<p style="text-align: left;">
<p style="text-align: left;">




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		<title>[Guide] Air Cooling 101 &#8211; Fans</title>
		<link>http://www.techreaction.net/2010/05/12/guide-air-cooling-101-fans/?utm_source=rss&amp;utm_medium=rss&amp;utm_campaign=guide-air-cooling-101-fans</link>
		<comments>http://www.techreaction.net/2010/05/12/guide-air-cooling-101-fans/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 13 May 2010 02:40:04 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>mav2000</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Cooling]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Guides]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[101]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Air Cooling]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Cooler Master]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Delta]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Denki]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Enermax]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Fans]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Noctua]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Panaflo]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Sanyo]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Scythe]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Xigmatek]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Yateloon]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.techreaction.net/?p=6497</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Fans
Welcome to the next edition of our Air Cooling 101 series of guides.  In case you missed part 1 on CPU cooling, you can find it here.  We move on to a topic in which there are consistently a lot of discussions around the net.
When we buy fans, we look at three main [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<h2>Fans</h2>
<p>Welcome to the next edition of our Air Cooling 101 series of guides.  In case you missed part 1 on CPU cooling, <strong><a href="http://www.techreaction.net/2010/05/07/guide-air-cooling-101-cpu-cooling/" target="_blank">you can find it here</a></strong>.  We move on to a topic in which there are consistently a lot of discussions around the net.</p>
<p>When we buy fans, we look at three main criteria:</p>
<p>1. <strong>CFM</strong> &#8211; <strong>C</strong>ubic <strong>F</strong>eet per <strong>M</strong>inute, or in simpler words, the amount of air that the fan can push/pull in a minute.<br />
2. <strong>Static Pressure</strong> &#8211; The force with which the fan generates this airflow.<br />
3. <strong>dBA</strong> &#8211; This is the sound rating of a fan and it gives you an idea of how quiet or noisy a fan is.</p>
<p>Most manufacturers tend to publish data on their fan&#8217;s with respect to these three criteria, however, most of the figures quoted by manufacturers tend to be a bit optimistic and I would take them with a pinch of salt.</p>
<p>With these basics in place, let us now take a quick look at the type of fans that are currently available in the market:</p>
<p>1. <strong>Sleeve Bearings</strong> &#8211; The cheapest to produce; most of the budget fans are made with sleeve bearings. The fan motor basically has two cylinders with a lubricant in between. The inner cylinder is covered with the lubricant and the fan runs when the inner cylinder turns within the outer one. This type of bearing, while initially fairly quiet, does tend to get noisier as it gets older and can also fail completely over time.</p>
<p>2. <strong>Ball Bearings</strong> &#8211; These fans use a ball bearing inside a pair of metal rings to turn the the fan blades. Ball bearing fans are more resilient over time and tend to last longer than sleeve bearing fans of a similar profile. The downside is that it&#8217;s also slightly more noisy. The quality of the bearings and lubricant are the two most important factors for this type of fan.</p>
<p>3. Fluid Bearing &#8211; Fluid bearings are made with two cylinders separated by a thin layer of liquid or gas. Since these surfaces do not make contact with each other, they tend to have an almost unlimited life and require very little maintenance. They are also relatively quiet as compared to the above two types.</p>
<p>4. Magnetic bearing &#8211; A magnetic bearing uses magnetic levitation caused by similar poles to keep the two sleeves apart. Again, these types of fans are very quiet and in theory have an unlimited life, as there is no contact between the sleeves. These are the most expensive of the lot .</p>
<p>Before we get into specific fan models that we recommend, it is important to note the most commonly used fans in a computer chassis, from an enthusiast point of view:</p>
<p>1. <strong>120 x 25mm</strong> &#8211; This is the most common size that we see in a computer, either as case fans or for use as heat sink fans.</p>
<p>2. <strong>120 x 38mm</strong> &#8211; This size is mainly used for heat sinks. The extra width of the fan&#8217;s case or shell helps to create more air pressure and therefore provide better cooling.</p>
<p>3. <strong>140 x 25mm</strong> &#8211; These are used mainly as case fans as most heat sinks are not large enough to accept them. There are 140mm fans that have the 120mm type mounting points and are compatible with a large number of heat sinks and cases. The advantage of 140mm fans is that they need far fewer revolutions per minute to push the same amount of air as a 120mm fan of similar CFM rating can. This essentially leads to lower noise levels.</p>
<p>With the basics covered, we can start by looking at some of the fans that we suggest you use with a heat sink.</p>
<p align="left">
<h1>Heat Sink Fans</h1>
<h2>38mm</h2>
<p>1. <strong>Sanyo Denki 109R H1011</strong> &#8211; These are probably some of the most sought after fans for heat sink use and are considered the best amongst it&#8217;s peers, simply because it&#8217;s high static pressure at almost 6.6mm H2O and it&#8217;s acceptable noise levels. It puts out close to 102 CFM and is relatively quiet for this kind of airflow at 39dBA. Most of the extreme air coolers around the net will vouch for it&#8217;s performance. Extremely difficult to find at a decent price.</p>
<p><strong>Link to product: <a href="http://db.sanyodenki.co.jp/product_db_e/coolingfan/dcfan/cooling_dcfan.html" target="_blank">Sanyo Denki 109R H1011</a></strong></p>
<p>2. <strong>Delta AFB1212HHE</strong> &#8211; Rated at 120 CFM and 44dBA, these fans can push air at an amazing 9mm H2O. These are lot more noisy for daily use and need to be controlled with a fan controller if you intend to keep your hearing intact. They are great value for the money.</p>
<p><strong>Link to product: <a href="http://www.performance-pcs.com/catalog/index.php?main_page=product_info&amp;cPath=36_403&amp;products_id=24322" target="_blank">Delta AFB1212HHE</a></strong></p>
<p>There are a lot of other fans in this section, specifically Scythe Ultra Kaze&#8217;s and Panaflo&#8217;s, but these are the two that we have tested and have found to be extremely good. Any one of these would be capable of providing approximately the same amount of cooling that a pair of 25mm fans in a push/pull arrangement would provide.</p>
<h2>25 mm</h2>
<p>Now lets take a look at the 25 mm list.</p>
<p>1. <strong>Scythe Gentle Typhoons D1225C12B4AP-15</strong> &#8211; The very high speed version has probably the best noise to airflow/pressure ratios available on the market today. They are very quiet, and while they do not move a lot of air in CFM terms, they do move the air with a decent amount of pressure. They are also highly rated for use with radiators. The very high speed version pushes around 58 CFM at a quiet 28dBA and runs on a hydro bearing. I could really go on and on about these fans as they are my personal favorites at the moment.</p>
<p><strong>Link to product: <a href="http://www.performance-pcs.com/catalog/index.php?main_page=product_info&amp;cPath=36_49&amp;products_id=24749" target="_blank">Scythe Gentle Typhoons D1225C12B4AP-15</a></strong></p>
<p>2. <strong>Delta AFC1212SH</strong> &#8211; PWM &#8211; A high speed, loud fan, but in the 25mm variety. Does a great job on heat sinks and is a PWM fan to boot, so you can turn it down using either your bios options or other software. It pushes close to 113 CFM at 46.5 dBA. Great for those who don&#8217;t have fan controllers.</p>
<p><strong>Link to product: <a href="http://www.performance-pcs.com/catalog/index.php?main_page=product_info&amp;cPath=36_49&amp;products_id=24586" target="_blank">Delta AFC1212SH</a></strong></p>
<p>3. <strong>Cooler Master Excalibur</strong> &#8211; Great fans, but a bit expensive for what they are. They have probably the best accessories package in this list as well as removable blades for cleaning. They are a bit noisy at full speed, but work well with fan controllers. They do about 86 CFM at 2000 rpm and most of the noise is generated due to the open air design of the frame more than the motor. These fans come with barometric ball bearings, which are somewhere between the ball bearing models and the magnetic models.<br />
<strong><br />
Link to product: <a href="http://www.performance-pcs.com/catalog/index.php?main_page=product_info&amp;cPath=36_49&amp;products_id=27093" target="_blank">Cooler Master Excalibur</a></strong></p>
<p>4. <strong>Yateloon High Speed D12SH-12</strong> &#8211; Another superb fan, though it can also get a bit noisy. They come with closed ended corners, so a bit of modding may be required to attach them to a heat sink or radiator. They run silently when undervolted and they don&#8217;t have any clicking sounds when turned down. Pushing 88 CFM at around 40dBA, these run on sleeve bearings.</p>
<p><strong>Link to product: <a href="http://www.performance-pcs.com/catalog/index.php?main_page=product_info&amp;cPath=36_49&amp;products_id=22034" target="_blank">Yateloon High Speed D12SH-12</a></strong></p>
<p>This is a fairly comprehensive list of the fans that we have tested within the last 12 months and should work well with any air cooling heat sink setup or water cooling radiator.</p>
<p align="left">
<h1>Case Fans</h1>
<p>The reason for having a separate sub section for case fans is that while all of the above would work well as case fans, high air pressure is not generally needed in open air. Low pressure, high CFM fans generally work fine and therefore, you should not need to spend as much on high pressure 38mm fans. This is a list of fans that we have tested in the past and have found to be excellent at increasing air flow in a case.</p>
<p>1. <strong>Cooler Master R4</strong> &#8211; They come in three different colors, with wonderful translucent cables and push close to 90 CFM. What more could you ask for in a case fan with some bling? They tend to be a bit noisy on side panels, but otherwise they are quite decent in terms of noise levels, but don&#8217;t believe the official rating of 19dBA or the manufacturer stated CFM numbers. Great, cheap case fans which are readily available.</p>
<p><strong>Link to product: <a href="http://www.performance-pcs.com/catalog/index.php?main_page=product_info&amp;cPath=36_49&amp;products_id=25750" target="_blank">Cooler Master R4</a><br />
</strong><br />
2. <strong>Yateloon Medium Speed D12SM-12</strong> &#8211; Great fans and very cheap at that. They are a lot less noisy than their higher flowing brothers and do a wonderful job as case fans, as well as heat sink fans. Easily one of the cheapest options around. Remember that these are sleeve bearing fans, so some amount of motor whine is to be expected.</p>
<p><strong>Link to product: <a href="http://www.performance-pcs.com/catalog/index.php?main_page=product_info&amp;cPath=36_49&amp;products_id=22033" target="_blank">Yateloon Medium Speed D12SM-12</a></strong></p>
<p>3. <strong>Xigmatek XLF-F1253</strong> &#8211; Very quiet, these fans push a decent amount of air and have all the bling that you could want. They come in a couple of different colors, so you can match them to whatever theme you are using in your case. Great case fans, but not so good when strapped on to a heat sink.</p>
<p><strong>Link to product: <a href="http://www.xigmatek.com/product/accessory-xlf-f1254.php" target="_blank">Xigmatek XLF-F1253</a></strong></p>
<p>4. <strong>Enermax Apollish</strong> &#8211; Again, great fans with a whole lot of bling. They come in three different colors and most modders should love the style quotient. The only thing I don&#8217;t like about these fans are the thermal controls. They push about 71 CFM at full tilt and are a bit noisy when running at max.</p>
<p><strong>Link to product: <a href="http://www.enermax.com/home.php?fn=eng/product_a1&amp;lv0=4&amp;lv1=16" target="_blank">Enermax Apollish</a></strong></p>
<p>Again, there are a number of other fans that you could look at, but these in my opinion should be amongst the best around, both in terms of performance and style.</p>
<p>That brings us to the end of another section of the Air Cooling 101 series.  We will be back next time to take a look at Thermal Interface Materials.</p>
<p align="left">
<p>As always we recommended <strong><a href="http://www.performance-pcs.com" target="_blank">Performance-PCs</a></strong> for all of your case and cooling needs as they offer some of the best service and product selection that we have seen.</p>
<p align="left">
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		<title>[Guide] Air Cooling 101 &#8211; CPU Cooling</title>
		<link>http://www.techreaction.net/2010/05/07/guide-air-cooling-101-cpu-cooling/?utm_source=rss&amp;utm_medium=rss&amp;utm_campaign=guide-air-cooling-101-cpu-cooling</link>
		<comments>http://www.techreaction.net/2010/05/07/guide-air-cooling-101-cpu-cooling/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Fri, 07 May 2010 18:00:47 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>mav2000</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Cooling]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Guides]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[101]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Air Cooling]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Arrow]]></category>
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		<category><![CDATA[H50]]></category>
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		<category><![CDATA[NH-D14]]></category>
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		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.techreaction.net/?p=5174</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Hello and welcome to the first article in my series on Air Cooling.
Over the last year or so, I have reviewed a number of air coolers and also a number of different fans and cooling setups. I thought that sharing my experiences would be useful to a lot of people and this is the reasoning [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<h2>Hello and welcome to the first article in my series on Air Cooling.</h2>
<p>Over the last year or so, I have reviewed a number of air coolers and also a number of different fans and cooling setups. I thought that sharing my experiences would be useful to a lot of people and this is the reasoning behind the writing of this series. This series will cover a number of topics and to start with we will take a look at CPU cooling, which is by far the most important part of our computers.</p>
<p align="left">
<h2>So, why do we need to cool our CPU&#8217;s?</h2>
<p>Well let&#8217;s look at it this way. A single core of a CPU is made up of millions of transistors, which operate continuously to complete any command. The moment we open a word file, for example, we are running a command which involves thousands of operations on each of these transistors, every second. The operation of these transistors within the core is what causes the CPU heat up. The greater the number of cores, the greater the power that is required to run it and the greater the heat produced.</p>
<p> If unchecked this heat can cause damage to our expensive CPU&#8217;s and that&#8217;s the main reason to keep it cool. That is where increased air cooling comes into play. Heat always moves from a warmer mass to a cooler mass, and in this case it is air which helps to move this heat away from the CPU.</p>
<p>All processor manufacturers provide some type of a heat sink solution for use with their processors.</p>
<p style="text-align: center"><a href="http://www.techreaction.net/wp-content/uploads/2010/05/cool_AMD_Phenom_Black_edition_heatsink_fan.jpg" rel="lightbox[5174]"><img class="size-medium wp-image-6415 aligncenter" src="http://www.techreaction.net/wp-content/uploads/2010/05/cool_AMD_Phenom_Black_edition_heatsink_fan-300x232.jpg" alt="" width="300" height="232" /></a></p>
<p>What we see above is a heat sink which is slightly better than a stock all-aluminum heat sink. Let&#8217;s look at how each part of this heat sink works to keep a CPU cool.</p>
<p>At the bottom of the heat sink, we have a copper base which is in direct contact with the CPU. Through this base run a number of copper &#8220;pipes&#8221; known as heat pipes. The heat pipes are basically tubes of copper which are filled with a pressurized fluid and a wick. The heat pipes then run through a series of aluminum fins, and right on top of all of this is a single fan. Now let&#8217;s see how this works. </p>
<p>The copper base of the heat sink is in direct contact with the surface of the CPU. The heat from the CPU is conducted to the copper base, which then causes the fluid in the copper tubes to heat up and vaporize. This vapor travels to the top of the heat pipes, where with the help of the fan and the fins, cools down and turns back to it&#8217;s original liquid form and travels back to the base of the heat sink.</p>
<h2 style="text-align: center"><a href="http://www.techreaction.net/wp-content/uploads/2010/05/Heat_Pipe_Mechanism.png" rel="lightbox[5174]"><img src="http://www.techreaction.net/wp-content/uploads/2010/05/Heat_Pipe_Mechanism-300x214.png" alt="" width="300" height="214" /></a></h2>
<h6 style="text-align: center">* Image from wikipedia</h6>
<p>The aluminum fins help to increase the total area of the heat sink, which in turn helps to dissipate the heat faster.</p>
<p>Now that we have the basics in place, the next question is, why do we need an after market cooler? Well, there are two main reasons to get an after market heat sink:</p>
<ol>
<li>To reduce the amount of noise &#8211; The basic heat sink shipped with all CPU&#8217;s tend to be extremely noisy, especially when the CPU is running at a high load. Remember that most of these heat sinks come with puny 60mm-80mm fans, and these need to run a lot faster to produce the same airflow that a larger 120 mm fan can produce.</li>
<li>To look at safely increasing the speed of the processor through overclocking &#8211; The stock heat sink should be capable of running the CPU at decent temperatures as long as the CPU is running at it&#8217;s rated speed. The moment we increase this speed, even by 10-15%, the amount of heat generated by the CPU increases and the stock heat sink may not be able to keep the CPU within it&#8217;s predefined temperature threshold.</li>
</ol>
<p>So, taking all of this into consideration, let&#8217;s look at some suggested aftermarket heat sinks:</p>
<p align="left">
<h2>High performance</h2>
<p>1. <strong>Cogage Arrow</strong>- The Cogage Arrow is a dual tower solution with the capability to use up to three fans. It&#8217;s made by a sister company of Thermalright and the design is based off of the IFX-14. It uses four 8mm heat pipes, which are very capable of pulling heat away from the CPU. We have done a <a href="http://www.techreaction.net/2010/04/19/review-seven-way-am3-cooler-shootout-winner-takes-all/" target="_blank">thorough review</a> on this heat sink on the AMD Phenom II platform, and in our tests, it beats it&#8217;s nearest competition (the Noctua NH-D14) by a very small margin. It is currently the best cooler money can buy.</p>
<p><strong>Link to the product: <a href="http://www.cogage.com/a_page/cpu_cooler/arrow/product_cpu_cooler_arrow.html">Cogage Arrow</a></strong></p>
<p>2. <strong>Noctua NH-D14</strong> &#8211; The current king of the hill, but not by much. It costs an arm and a leg, and your case better have a lot of space as this is one big cooler. Please check clearances around the motherboard before buying this. It is just slightly behind the Cogage in temperatures, but it does come as a complete setup (including fan) and you do not need to spend anything extra to get this cooler up and running.</p>
<p><strong>Link to the product: <a href="http://www.noctua.at/main.php?show=productview&amp;products_id=34&amp;lng=en" target="_blank">Noctua NH-D14</a></strong></p>
<p>3. <strong>Thermalright Venomous-X</strong> &#8211; The Venomous-X is by far the best single tower design to date. It even manages to beat the previous king of the hill, the Prolimatech Megahalems. The Venomous-X comes ready with two sets of fan clips and an excellent thermal paste. I just wish they would concentrate more on the finish as the base is not up to par with offerings from Noctua. The best solution for those who cannot fit either a Noctua or Cogage in their cabinets.<br />
<strong><br />
Link to the product: <a href="http://www.thermalright.com/new_a_page/product_page/cpu/venomous-x/product_cpu_cooler_venomous-x.html">Thermalright Venomous-X</a></strong></p>
<p>4. <strong>Prolimatech Megahalems</strong> &#8211; The Megahalems and the Megashadow are the last entrants in the high end list. The Megahalems was the first cooler to dethrone the TRUE and held on to the crown of the best air cooler for almost a year. It is still rated highly amongst the top five coolers.<br />
<strong><br />
Link to the product: <a href="http://www.prolimatech.com/products/cpu_cooler/megahalems.html" target="_blank">Prolimatech Megahalems</a></strong></p>
<p>After the top four we have a number of players, but the more noticeable are the Noctua NH-U12P, the Prolimatech Armageddon and the Xigmatek Thor&#8217;s Hammer. You can also look at the H50 from Corsair. It&#8217;s a nice piece of hardware, but I would rate it more as air cooling than liquid cooling. Remember, that it&#8217;s not going to beat the top four air coolers, but it does tend to keep the rest of your case rather clutter free and therefore keeps the motherboard a lot cooler.</p>
<p align="left">
<h2>Budget Coolers</h2>
<p>1. <strong>Thermolab Baram</strong> -The Thermolab Baram is one of those coolers that never got the right amount of marketing behind it. It&#8217;s one of the best budget coolers around, and at its price, it&#8217;s really very hard to beat. It has a very good fit and finish, and a great mounting system.</p>
<p><strong>Link to product: <a href="http://thermolab.co.kr/?mid=baram_eng">Thermolab Baram</a></strong></p>
<p>2. <strong>OCZ Vendetta 2</strong> &#8211; The V2 is by far one of the best coolers for dual and triple cores available on the market. The three direct touch 8mm heat pipes do a wonderful job and it&#8217;s a snap to install on an AMD board. For a dual or triple core look no further as this cooler can handle your overclocks pretty well. The stock fan is good, but the stock TIM should be avoided.</p>
<p><strong>Link to product: <a href="http://www.ocztechnology.com/products/cooling_products/ocz_vendetta_2_cpu_cooler" target="_blank">OCZ  Vendetta 2</a></strong></p>
<p>3. <strong>Cooler Master Hyper 212+</strong> &#8211; The &#8220;+&#8221; version of this cooler is wonderful for dual and triple cores. One of the few budget HDT coolers that have the ability to handle a push-pull setup, and the included fan and TIM provided is pretty good as well. The mounting system is a bit difficult to use, but it does it&#8217;s job and gives a very tight fit. I have seen a fair number of high Phenom II overclocks using this cool which should tell you not to judge this cooler by it&#8217;s price. </p>
<p><strong>Link to the product: <a href="http://www.coolermaster.com/product.php?product_id=6603" target="_blank">Hyper 212 Plus</a></strong></p>
<p>4. <strong>Xigmatek S1283</strong> &#8211; Like the TRUE, the Xigmatek S1283 is legendary. This cooler has spawned a lot of look-a-likes, including the OCZ Vendetta 2. Both are similar in terms of their specifications and even share the same fan. The OCZ V2 has a larger fin area and that&#8217;s where it wins. </p>
<p><strong>Link to the product: <a href="http://www.xigmatek.com/product/air-hdts1283.php" target="_blank">XIGMATEK S1283</a></strong></p>
<p>Another heat sink that is worthy of mention is the Scythe Mugen 2, and the only reason that I did not add this to the list above is that we have not had the opportunity to test it ourselves.</p>
<p>That brings us to the end of the first part of this write up, we hope it provided you with a solid guide for your air cooling solutions. Part two will concentrate on fans for case and CPU cooling.</p>
<p>As always we recommended <strong><a href="http://www.performance-pcs.com" target="_blank">Performance-PCs</a></strong> for all of your case and cooling needs as they offer some of the best service and product selection that we have seen.</p>
<p align="left">
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		<title>PROVING GROUNDS: PHENOM II OVERCLOCKING!</title>
		<link>http://www.techreaction.net/2009/05/08/proving-grounds-phenom-ii-overclocking/?utm_source=rss&amp;utm_medium=rss&amp;utm_campaign=proving-grounds-phenom-ii-overclocking</link>
		<comments>http://www.techreaction.net/2009/05/08/proving-grounds-phenom-ii-overclocking/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sat, 09 May 2009 03:57:26 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>EnJoY</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[AMD]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[ATI]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Extreme]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Overclocking]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Air Cooling]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Chew*]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Dry Ice]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[ln2]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Proving Grounds]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.techreaction.net/?p=561</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[TechReaction community member and overclocking Guru, Chew* relentlessly overclocks &#8220;Dragon Technology&#8221; with stock AMD Phenom II X4 955 on air, phase, dry ice, and liquid nitrogen.  Breaking several records in 3DMark 06 with single graphic cards as well as Crossfire, combined with the latest AMD Phenom II 955 processor.  Truly an awesome video that showcases [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>TechReaction community member and overclocking Guru, Chew*<span> relentlessly overclocks &#8220;Dragon Technology&#8221; with stock AMD Phenom II X4 955 on air, phase, dry ice, and liquid nitrogen.  Breaking several records in 3DMark 06 with single graphic cards as well as Crossfire, combined with the latest AMD Phenom II 955 processor.  Truly an awesome video that showcases the relentless and fun loving nature of Chew* the overclocker.<br />
</span></p>
<p><object width="560" height="340" data="http://www.youtube.com/v/O2OtUYeZEME&amp;fmt" type="application/x-shockwave-flash"><param name="quality" value="best" /><param name="src" value="http://www.youtube.com/v/O2OtUYeZEME&amp;fmt" /><param name="align" value="bottom" /></object></p>
<p>:: <a href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O2OtUYeZEME&amp;fmt=22" target="_blank">Link to YouTube to view in HD</a> ::</p>
<p><a href="http://digg.com/hardware/PROVING_GROUNDS_PHENOM_II_OVERCLOCKING" target="_blank">DIGG IF YOU LIKE WHAT YOU SEE!</a></p>




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